Hypertension Medication And Complication

MEDICATION OF HYPERTENSION::

• Diuretics 

Diuretics are sometimes called "water pills" because they work in the kidney and flush excess water and sodium from the body.eg.tab. lasix .

• Beta-blockers

Beta-blockers reduce nerve impulses to the heart and blood vessels. This makes the heart beat slower and with less force. Blood pressure drops and the heart works less hard.eg.tab. depin 5mg or10mg,tab.stemlo -5(amlodepin)etc.

• ACE inhibitors

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors prevent the formation of a hormone called angiotensin II, which normally causes blood vessels to narrow. The ACE inhibitors cause the vessels to relax and blood pressure goes down.Eg.tab.Enalapril,iab.Ramipri,tab.Quinapri,tab.Lisinopril etc.

• Angiotensin antagonists

Angiotensin antagonists shield blood vessels from angiotensin II. As a result, the vessels become wider and blood pressure goes down.Eg. tab.Valsartan 80 mg,tab.Losartan 100 mg,tab.Olmesartan 20 mg etc.

• Calcium channel blockers (CCBs)

CCBs keep calcium from entering the muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels. This causes the blood vessels to relax and pressure goes down.Eg.tab.Azelnidipine,tab.Barnidipine,tab.Isradipine etc.

• Alpha-blockers 

Alpha-blockers reduce nerve impulses to blood vessels, which allows blood to pass more easily, causing the blood pressure to go down.Eg.tab.Alfuzosin,tab.Prazosin,tab.Doxazosin etc.

• Alpha-beta-blockers

Alpha-beta-blockers work the same way as alpha-blockers but also slow the heartbeat, as beta-blockers do. As a result, less blood is pumped through the vessels and the blood pressure goes down.

• Nervous system inhibitors

Nervous system inhibitors relax blood vessels by controlling nerve impulses. This causes the blood vessels to become wider and the blood pressure to go down.Eg. tab.clonidin,

• Vasodilators

Vasodilators directly open blood vessels by relaxing the muscle in the vessel walls, causing the blood pressure to go down.Vasodilators
COMPLICATION OF HYPERTENSION:

• Bleeding from the aorta, the large blood vessel that supplies blood to the abdomen, pelvis, and legs
• Chronic kidney disease.
• Heart attack and heart failure.
• Poor blood supply to the legs.
• Stroke.
• Problems with your vision.

Hypertension and Its Definition Symptoms Type Diagnosis Prevention

HYPERTENSION

Definition:

Hypertension  is defined as a consistently elevated blood pressure exceeding 140/90 mm Hg. Hypertension (HTN) sometimes called arterial hypertension .  This requires the heart to work harder than normal to circulate blood through the blood vessels. Blood pressure involves two measurements, systolic and diastolic.

Signs and symptoms:

• Headaches
• Vertigo
•  Tinnitu
•  Fainting
•  palpitations

Type Of Hypertension:

There are two major types of hypertension and four less frequently found types.The two major types are:

Primary or essential hypertension:

Primary or essential hypertension that has no known cause, is diagnosed in the majority of people.95% of reported high blood pressure cases in theunderlying cause cannot be determined. This type of high blood pressure is called essential hypertension or primary hypertension.  It has been linked to certain risk factors. High blood pressure tends to run in families and is more likely to affect men than women. Age and race also play a role.  Essential hypertension is also greatly influenced by diet and lifestyle. The link between salt and high blood pressure is especially compelling . The majority of all people with high blood pressure are "salt sensitive," meaning that anything more than the minimal bodily need for salt is too much for them and increases their blood pressure. Other factors that can raise the risk of having essential hypertension include obesity; diabetes; stress; insufficient intake of potassium, calcium, and magnesium; lack of physical activity; and chronic alcohol consumption.